I have a tool for thinking that I call “steelman solitaire”. I have found that it comes to much better conclusions than doing “free-style” thinking, so I thought I should share it with more people. In summary, it consists of arguing with yourself in the program Workflowy/Roam/any infinitely-nesting-bullet-points software, alternating between writing a steelman of an argument, a steelman of a counter-argument, a steelman of a counter-counter-argument, etc. In this post I’ll first list the benefits, then explain the broad steps, and finally, go into more depth on how to do it. Benefits
Strawmanning means presenting the opposing view in the least charitable light – often so uncharitably that it does not resemble the view that the other side actually holds. The term of steelmanning was invented as a counter to this; it means taking the opposing view and trying to present it in its strongest form. This has sometimes been criticized because often the alternative belief proposed by a steelman also isn’t what the other people actually believe. For example, there’s a steelman argument that states that the reason organic food is good is that monopolies are generally bad and Monsanto having a monopoly on food could lead to disastrous consequences. This might indeed be a belief held by some people who are pro-organic, but a huge percentage of people are just falling prey to the naturalistic fallacy. While steelmanning may not be perfect for understanding people’s true reasons for believing propositions, it is very good for coming to more accurate beliefs yourself. If the reason you believe you don’t have to care about buying organic is that you believe that people only buy organic because of the naturalistic fallacy, you might be missing out on the fact that there’s a good reason for you to buy organic because you think monopolies on food are dangerous. However – and this is where steelmanning back and forth comes in – what if buying organic doesn’t necessarily lead to breaking the monopoly? Maybe upon further investigation, Monsanto doesn’t have a monopoly. Or maybe multiple organizations have copyrighted different gene edits, so there’s no true monopoly. The idea behind steelman solitaire is to not stop at steelmanning the opposing view. It’s to steelman the counter-counter-argument as well. As has been said by more eloquent people than myself, you can’t consider an argument and counter-argument and consider yourself a virtuous rationalist. There are very long chains of counter^x arguments, and you want to consider the steelman of each of them. Don’t pick any side in advance. Just commit to trying to find the true answer. This is all well and good in principle but can be challenging to keep organized. This is where Workflowy or Roam comes in. Workflowy allows you to have counter-arguments nested under arguments, counter-counter-arguments nested under counter-arguments, and so forth. That way you can zoom in and out and focus on one particular line of reasoning, realize you’ve gone so deep you’ve lost the forest for the trees, zoom out, and realize what triggered the consideration in the first place. It also allows you to quickly look at the main arguments for and against. Here’s a worked example for a question. Tips and tricks That’s the broad-strokes explanation of the method. Below, I’ll list a few pointers that I follow, though please do experiment and tweak. This is by no means a final product.
Conclusion In summary, steelman solitaire means steelmanning arguments back and forth repeatedly. It helps with:
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I recently faced a series of public attacks and it hurt a lot. Here’s what I did to feel better and get back on my feet.
First I checked to see if the attacks were justified and if there was anything I could do to improve. It’s important to follow this step, because nobody’s perfect and if you’re doing something wrong, it’s better to acknowledge and course correct, rather than insisting that the people attacking you are just dumb and bad. Even if they say something in an unnecessarily hurtful way, don’t let that stop you from learning and improving. In this case, one of the cases was a justified attack, another was not. For the justified attack, I spent time problem-solving and issued a public apology and explanation of how I was going to do better. This got a lot of positive feedback and also made me feel a lot better. It feels awful to have gone against your values. Sincere apologies can be really healing. For the unjustified attack, that was a little harder. It led to real life consequences that will likely permanently affect my ability to do my work. This was harder to deal with. At first I tried to just take some time off, which did make me feel happier in the moment. However, when I came back to work, the problem was still there, and so I went straight back to feeling awful. Whenever I thought about work, I’d feel anxious and sad, then retreat to some distraction. I tried talking to my friends about it, which was nice, but didn’t fix it. I tried reframing the issue (e.g. I’ll still have lots of impact, I should expect setbacks, advocates in the past used to suffer mob mobs, not just internet mobs, etc). I believed all of these in a certain way, but it didn’t fix the feelings of sadness and hopelessness. I tried pushing through it and hoping that time would just heal all wounds. But even if I could push through some waves of sadness, eventually one would knock me off course. I tried stoic practices. I compared my situation to people who had worse off situations or situations in the past that were much worse for myself. I tried dismissing public opinion. I tried reading a biography of an advocate who went through much worse than I did (Frederick Douglass). It was informative but did not help solve the emotions I tried gratitude journaling. I tried listening to motivational music and getting into a “shoulders back, stiffen your spine, get back in the ring” mindset. I systematically kept trying different techniques until I found something that worked. Which is actually the general practice that everybody should do when they are feeling bad and it doesn't go away naturally. Eventually the things that got me out of the funk were three-fold:
Sometimes you’re unhappy because of actually bad things in the world. Sometimes your feelings of sadness or anxiety are pointing you towards the problem you should work on solving.
Here’s quick instructions on how to do it . They say it’s about “meridians” and what not, but I just ignore that. I feel *immediate* benefits and that’s all the evidence I need. Tips on how to do it: In my experience, positive emotions can arise within two seconds of tapping the correct spot. The effective tapping locations seem to vary between individuals. Some spots may consistently yield no response and can be omitted from your practice. For effective spots, it may be necessary to adjust the tapping location slightly (for example, by moving about a centimeter) until the desired effect is achieved. The optimal spot may shift subtly, and on some days, tapping might not work at all. If a spot has not produced a positive response after at least five attempts, consider discontinuing its use. If results are inconsistent, experiment with nearby areas but refrain from prolonged use on days when the technique is ineffective. I did loving-kindness practice and tapping for about 30 minutes. I felt healing while I was doing it. Then, when I came back to the real world, I hit a small unrelated obstacle and immediately felt terrible again. However, something had shifted. I felt better and better throughout the day, still with waves of sadness, but the waves were diminishing in intensity and frequency. By the next day, I was back to normal. I did another self-loving-kindness and tapping session, just to be sure, but otherwise, I was back at it. Of course, different advice will work for different people. I most recommend the underlying strategy: systematically keep trying different methods until you find something that works. Read more: All 𝐍𝐞𝐰 𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐡 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐩𝐞𝐨𝐩𝐥𝐞 𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐨𝐧 𝐀𝐈 𝐬𝐚𝐟𝐞𝐭𝐲! 🥳 It’s not therapy. It’s what I wish therapy was, but totally isn’t. It’s a short program that lasts 4-12 weeks, where you systematically try 5-30 techniques until you find something that fixes an emotional problem you're struggling with (e.g. anxiety, impostor syndrome, low mood, etc). Here’s how it works: 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭 𝐜𝐚𝐥𝐥: 𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐧
You’ll spend the next 1-3 weeks actually putting the most promising techniques into practice. You’ll keep track of your symptoms. If your symptoms go away, then we’ll analyze what happened. Sometimes it’ll be obvious what’s helping, and you can just keep doing that thing. If not, then we can start remove the techniques one at a time. If the symptoms come back, then we just bring back the technique that we removed, and we know what was doing the magic. Experimenting in parallel means you get to feel better sooner and continue to feel good while we figure out what the problem was. If your symptoms don’t go away after 1-2 weeks, then we’ll prioritize the next 5-10 techniques to try. This process will happen up to 3 times. By the end, you’ll have either resolved your issues, or you’ll at least have tried ~30 techniques to fix the problem. Even if you haven’t, you’ll probably have found at least a few more techniques to add to your repertoire of things that you enjoy. Apply here 𝐈𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐲? It’s not therapy. It’s what I wish therapy was, but totally isn’t. 𝐄𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐛𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦 𝐜𝐚𝐧 𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐩 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡: Stress Impostor syndrome Burnout Anxiety Hopelessness Feeling overwhelmed Depression (mild or moderate. Not severe) Self-esteem issues Motivation issues Numbness Sadness Work life balance Guilt Sleep issues Loneliness Existential angst Perfectionism Relationship problems 𝐄𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐛𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦 𝙘𝙖𝙣𝙣𝙤𝙩 𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐩 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 Suicidality Bipolar ADHD Gender dysphoria Anger management Substance use disorders Autism related emotional issues Cluster B personality disorders (e.g. BPD, APD, HPD, NPD) Anything where you're experiencing psychosis Anything where you're experiencing paranoia or delusions 𝐇𝐨𝐰 𝐦𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐝𝐨𝐞𝐬 𝐢𝐭 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐭? It's free if you:
I'm offering this service for free because mental health is one of the main blockers to people having an impact in AI safety. I think x-risks and s-risks from AI are the most important things to work on. And I'm good at emotional problem-solving. So if I help people working on AI safety be happier, then I'm helping make sure AI doesn't kill everybody. Timelines are too short to work with people who are not working in AI safety, but since I'm a rationalist and everybody has their price, I would do it for a non-AI safety person if they donated $10,000 or more to Nonlinear or an AI safety org working on pausing or slowing down AI development. Apply here I have very limited time, so can only take on a small fraction of clients who apply. If you do not get in, I recommend checking out this vetted list of therapists or this compilation of mental health techniques for dealing with AI safety. Read more: All Writing is like exercise. It’s just good on so many levels.
Yet, much like exercise is for most people, I tend to have little flares of interest, where I get really into it for a week or two, then lose steam, and it just becomes a dormant blog again. You might have had a similar experience, and maybe even have a cobwebby blog or two out there. Perhaps you have some really cool half-finished google docs that you never quite got around to finishing and publishing. It’s a funny thing though, about writing being like exercise. Because do you remember what exercise used to be called when you were a child? Play. And I remembered on a recent vacation I took, where I had the slack to remember, that writing is play. I fell back in love with writing then, typing away furiously on the beach. Not only was it intrinsically fun, but I also loved that it felt like I was making a difference, writing about important topics. That my recommendations were helping people, whether it be making them happier or making them higher impact, or sometimes, if I was lucky, both. To help myself (and perhaps you) remember this and all the other reasons to write, I’ve decided to write about all the reasons I have to write. Reading the list will inspire me and hopefully others. Publishing it will publicly commit me to writing, which will make it more likely. Even better, it could potentially re-inspire some people, perhaps you, to start writing for the forums again. Or maybe even it’ll get you excited to try your hand at writing publicly, even though you’ve never done it before. Epistemic status: motivational Epistemic status: motivational. An explanation of my personal experience that doesn’t generalize to all people. This isn’t meant to be a nuanced look into the pros and cons of writing. It’s meant to inspire a subset of the population (and myself!) to write more. None of this applies to all writing or all people. It’s meant more as a manifesto rather than a research piece. Of course, this is the EA Forum, so feel free to debate the merits and demerits of writing in the comments. Now, with all that hedging out of the way, here’s a giant list of reasons why you, the community, and myself should write. Some reasons to write The reasons to write fall broadly into three categories: enjoyment, capacity building, and impact. Enjoyment and other personal benefits Writing can be personally gratifying in so many ways.
Capacity building
Impact and other benefits to the world Improve the conclusions of the community. This then improves their actions, leading to impact.
I hope this also inspires you to dust off an old blog or start a new one. To experience writing as dancing. Where it counts as exercise and is good for you, but you don’t even care about that, because it’s just so damn fun. Read more: All Networking alternative for introverts : just write. Imagine how many people know and respect you from seeing you give a talk at a conference. Compare that to the numbers of views, influence, and bonding you get from the average post, either on social media or the fora. Think about how much you know and like various writers, despite never having met them. You could be that writer. Read more: All Pattern I’ve seen: “AI could kill us all! I should focus on this exclusively, including dropping my exercise routine.” Don’t. 👏 Drop. 👏 Your. 👏 Exercise. 👏 Routine. 👏 You will help AI safety better if you exercise. You will be happier, healthier, less anxious, more creative, more persuasive, more focused, less prone to burnout, and a myriad of other benefits. All of these lead to increased productivity. People often stop working on AI safety because it’s terrible for the mood (turns out staring imminent doom in the face is stressful! Who knew?). Don’t let a lack of exercise exacerbate the problem. Health issues frequently take people out of commission. Exercise is an all purpose reducer of health issues. Exercise makes you happier and thus more creative at problem-solving. One creative idea might be the difference between AI going well or killing everybody. It makes you more focused, with obvious productivity benefits. Overall it makes you less likely to burnout. You’re less likely to have to take a few months off to recover, or, potentially, never come back. Yes, AI could kill us all. All the more reason to exercise. Read more: All There were signs I would be an entrepreneur.
When I was 14 my teacher told the class that nothing could go faster than the speed of light. I raised my hand. "You mean, we haven't figured out how to travel faster than the speed of light yet." "No, the laws of physics say you can't" said the teacher. I shrugged. "I'm sure we'll figure out a workaround." |
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Kat WoodsI'm an effective altruist who co-founded Nonlinear, Charity Entrepreneurship, and Charity Science Health Archives
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